Correction and Retraction

Jurnal Computech & Bisnis (JCB), published by STMIK Mardira Indonesia, is committed to maintaining the accuracy, transparency, and integrity of the scholarly record. The journal recognizes that errors or concerns may occasionally be identified after an article has been published. Such matters will be handled promptly, fairly, and transparently, with appropriate consideration of the available evidence and the interests of the scholarly community.

This policy establishes the procedures for correcting published articles, issuing expressions of concern, and retracting articles when necessary. All decisions will be made in accordance with the principles of publication ethics and the journal’s commitment to responsible scholarly communication.

1. General Principles

JCB considers the published scholarly record an essential part of academic communication. When an error or concern is identified, the journal will assess its nature, significance, and potential effect on the reliability of the article.

The journal’s response will be proportionate to the circumstances and may include a correction, an expression of concern, or a retraction. The journal will not remove or alter a published article without an appropriate editorial basis, except where removal is required by applicable law or other exceptional circumstances.

Corrections and retractions are intended to preserve the integrity of the scholarly record, not to punish authors for honest mistakes or to suppress legitimate academic disagreement.

2. Corrections

A correction may be issued when an error is identified in a published article but the overall validity and reliability of the research remain substantially intact.

Corrections may address, but are not limited to:

• Typographical or formatting errors that materially affect the interpretation of the article.
• Incorrect author names, affiliations, acknowledgments, or funding information.
• Errors in tables, figures, captions, equations, references, or other published content.
• Errors in data presentation, statistical reporting, algorithm descriptions, source-code documentation, or technical explanations that can be corrected without invalidating the main findings.
• Inaccurate or incomplete disclosures, including funding or conflict-of-interest statements.
• Other factual or editorial errors that require a formal amendment to the published record.

Minor typographical or formatting errors that do not affect the meaning, interpretation, or usability of an article may not require a separate correction notice. The editorial team will determine whether formal action is necessary.

2.1 Correction Procedure

When a potential error is reported, the editorial team will assess the information and may request clarification or supporting evidence from the authors or other relevant parties.

If a correction is warranted, JCB will prepare a correction notice that clearly identifies the affected article and describes the error and the corresponding amendment. The notice should include sufficient bibliographic information and a DOI or persistent link where available.

The correction notice will be published as a separate, citable item where supported by the journal’s publishing system and linked to the original article. The original article will remain accessible, with an appropriate notice or link indicating that a correction has been issued.

Corrections will be made transparently. Changes to the published version will not be made in a manner that conceals the existence or nature of a material amendment.

3. Retractions

A retraction may be issued when the reliability, integrity, or ethical acceptability of a published article is seriously compromised.

Grounds for retraction may include, but are not limited to:

1. Unreliable findings: The available evidence establishes that the main findings are invalid or unreliable because of serious errors in research design, methodology, data analysis, interpretation, or other substantive problems.
2. Research misconduct: Confirmed plagiarism, fabrication, falsification, inappropriate manipulation of data or images, or other serious research-integrity violations.
3. Duplicate or redundant publication: Substantial overlapping publication that violates the journal’s publication policies and materially misrepresents the originality of the work.
4. Serious ethical violations: Research conducted or reported in violation of applicable ethical requirements, legal obligations, or relevant permissions.
5. Materially misleading information: Serious undisclosed conflicts of interest, false or misleading authorship information, or other misrepresentations that substantially undermine the integrity of the article.
6. Other substantial concerns: Circumstances in which continued reliance on the published article would materially mislead readers or undermine the reliability of the scholarly record.

Retraction is not intended to resolve ordinary scholarly disagreements or to penalize authors for honest errors that can be adequately addressed through correction. The editorial team will consider the evidence and the seriousness of the concern before deciding on the appropriate action.

4. Retraction Procedure

When a potential retraction issue is identified, the Editor-in-Chief or a designated editor will conduct an initial assessment and determine whether further investigation is necessary.

The procedure may include:

1. Reviewing the allegation, supporting evidence, and relevant editorial records.
2. Requesting an explanation, clarification, or supporting materials from the authors.
3. Consulting independent subject experts or publication-ethics advisers when appropriate.
4. Referring the matter to the authors’ affiliated institution or another competent body when formal investigation is necessary.
5. Assessing the available evidence and determining whether a correction, expression of concern, retraction, or other action is appropriate.

Authors will normally be informed of the concern and given a reasonable opportunity to respond. However, the journal may take timely action to protect the scholarly record when the evidence warrants it, even if an author does not respond or disagrees with the proposed action.

The journal will document the reasons for its decision. Where relevant, institutional findings or other reliable evidence may inform the editorial decision.

5. Retraction Notice and Article Status

When a retraction is issued, JCB will publish a clear retraction notice that identifies the affected article and explains the reason for retraction to the extent appropriate and supported by the evidence.

The notice should include:

• The title and authors of the retracted article.
• The article’s bibliographic information and DOI or persistent link, where available.
• The date of the retraction.
• A clear statement that the article has been retracted.
• The reason for retraction, described as specifically and transparently as reasonably possible.
• The party or parties initiating the retraction, where appropriate.
• Relevant information about the editorial process, institutional findings, or authors’ responses, where disclosure is appropriate.

The retraction notice will be linked to the original article wherever technically possible. The original article will ordinarily remain accessible with a clear retraction watermark or other prominent status notice so that readers are not misled about its publication status.

The journal will not silently delete or replace a retracted article in the ordinary course of editorial correction. Exceptional removal may be considered where required by law or where continued public display presents a serious and substantiated risk, subject to the journal’s applicable procedures.

6. Expression of Concern

An expression of concern may be issued when the editorial team identifies a credible and potentially serious problem with a published article, but the available evidence is insufficient to reach a final conclusion.

This may occur when:

• An investigation into possible research misconduct is ongoing.
• Important supporting data or documentation cannot yet be verified.
• Conflicting evidence requires further assessment.
• An institutional investigation has been initiated but has not reached a conclusion.
• Other circumstances create a substantial concern about the reliability or integrity of the article.

An expression of concern will identify the affected article and explain the nature of the concern to the extent appropriate. It will be linked to the original article wherever technically possible.

The journal may update the notice or take further action when additional evidence becomes available. An expression of concern does not, by itself, establish that misconduct has occurred.

7. Retractions Requested by Authors

Authors may request the correction or retraction of their published article by submitting a written explanation and supporting evidence to the editorial office.

A request for retraction does not automatically result in retraction. The editorial team will independently assess the circumstances and determine whether a correction, retraction, expression of concern, or other action is justified.

If authors disagree about the need for retraction, the journal will evaluate the available evidence and may consult the relevant institution or independent experts. The journal’s decision will be based on the integrity and reliability of the scholarly record rather than on author preference alone.

8. Author Disagreement or Non-Response

If authors disagree with a proposed correction or retraction, they may submit a reasoned response and supporting evidence for consideration.

The journal will assess the response fairly and may seek independent advice. An author’s disagreement will be documented where relevant but will not prevent the journal from taking appropriate action when the evidence supports it.

If an author does not respond to a reasonable request for clarification, the journal may proceed based on the available evidence and may contact the author’s affiliated institution or another appropriate body when warranted.

9. Retractions Involving Research Misconduct

When a potential retraction involves suspected plagiarism, fabrication, falsification, manipulated data, or other possible research misconduct, JCB will also follow its Allegation of Research Misconduct Policy.

The journal will distinguish between an allegation and a substantiated finding. It will not treat an unsupported accusation as proof of misconduct and will seek to handle the matter fairly and confidentially.

Where an investigation is conducted by an author’s institution or another competent body, the journal may consider its findings alongside other relevant evidence. The journal retains responsibility for editorial decisions concerning the published article.

10. Editorial Independence and Fair Treatment

Decisions concerning corrections, expressions of concern, and retractions will be made independently of improper personal, institutional, commercial, or political influence.

Editors and other individuals with relevant conflicts of interest must not participate in decisions where their impartiality could reasonably be questioned. Where necessary, an independent editor or qualified person will be appointed to oversee the matter.

The journal will seek to ensure that all parties are treated fairly, that decisions are based on evidence, and that corrective actions are proportionate to the seriousness of the issue.

11. Transparency, Documentation, and Indexing

JCB will maintain appropriate records of reports, evidence, correspondence, editorial assessments, and decisions concerning corrections, expressions of concern, and retractions.

Where applicable and technically supported, correction and retraction notices will be assigned their own publication metadata and DOI, linked to the original article, and reflected in the journal’s website and relevant metadata or indexing records.

The journal will make reasonable efforts to ensure that the publication status of affected articles is accurately represented in the journal’s online platform and in metadata supplied to relevant indexing and discovery services.

12. Appeals and Requests for Reconsideration

Authors or other directly affected parties may request reconsideration of a decision if they provide relevant new evidence, identify a material factual error, or demonstrate a significant procedural deficiency.

Requests must be submitted through the journal’s official contact channels and should clearly state the grounds for reconsideration. The journal may assign the request to an independent editor or qualified person who was not involved in the original decision.

A request for reconsideration does not automatically suspend a correction, expression of concern, or retraction when action is necessary to protect the scholarly record.

13. Commitment to the Integrity of the Scholarly Record

Jurnal Computech & Bisnis (JCB), published by STMIK Mardira Indonesia, is committed to maintaining a reliable, transparent, and ethically responsible scholarly record.

The journal will address post-publication errors and concerns through appropriate corrective action, including corrections, expressions of concern, and retractions when justified. All actions will be guided by evidence, fairness, transparency, and the journal’s commitment to research integrity.